Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023

GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators

doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X

Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023

GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators

Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation
University of Washington School of Medicine
Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research
The University of Queensland
Amity University
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan
Massachusetts General Hospital
University of the West of Scotland
University of Nigeria
Curtin University
Università di Roma
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences
Alexandria University
Umm AL Qura University
Hull York Medical School
Qassim University
Save the Children Fund
The University of Jordan
King Saud University
University of Hail
Al-Azhar University
Marshall University
Mayo Clinic Scottsdale-Phoenix, Arizona
University of Sharjah
Tanta University
Stanford Cancer Institute
The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS)
School of Pharmacy
University Ferhat Abbas of Setif
Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch
Komar University of Science and Technology
Baxshin Hospital
University of Duhok
Indian Council of Medical Research
Harvard University
Bayero University
Federal University Wukari
Toufik's World Medical Association
Kazakh National Medical University
University of Gondar
University of Southern California
Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS)
Bahir Dar University
University of Sierra Sur
University of Helsinki
Sree Narayana Guru College Chelannur
University of Oxford Medical Sciences Division
National Heart Foundation Hospital and Research Institute
Nazarbayev University School of Medicine
Federal Medical Centre Nigeria
Babcock University
University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ghana
University of New South Wales
Harvard Medical School
Research Center for Immunodeficiencies
Karolinska Institutet
Northumbria University
Benha University
Poznan University of Medical Sciences
Loma Linda University Medical Center
Federal University of Minas Gerais
Applied Science Private University
Jouf University
St Luke's International University
National Cancer Center Japan
Usmanu Danfodiyo University
Nigerian Institute of Medical Research
Jordan University of Science and Technology
Hamad Medical Corporation
College of Health Sciences, Qatar University
Birzeit University
United Arab Emirates University
Jagadguru Sri Shivarathreeswara University
Karnali Academy of Health Sciences
Monash University
American University of Antigua
Florida International University
Technical University of Munich
Stanford University
Federal University Dutse
University of Sydney
University of South Carolina
University of KwaZulu-Natal
Ladoke Akintola University
NMC Healthcare
Olabisi Onabanjo University
Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center Buffalo
The State University of New York at Buffalo
Obafemi Awolowo University
East Tennessee State University
Center for Cardiovascular Risk Research
Menzies School of Health Research
Bowen University
Bowen University Teaching Hospital
University of Medical Sciences
Slum and Rural Health Initiative Research Academy
University of Ibadan
University of Johannesburg
Tribhuvan University
Himalayan Environment and Public Health Network (HEPHN)
Jashore University of Science and Technology
Australian National University
Apollo Hospital
Universitas Padjadjaran
University of Education Winneba
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD)
University of Texas
University of Naples “Federico II”
University of Toledo
Technical Services Directorate
King Edward Memorial Hospital
Public Health Institute
Wachemo University
International Vaccine Institute, Seoul
Wolaita Sodo University
Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana
Boston Children's Hospital
Alborz University of Medical Sciences
Iran University of Medical Sciences
Tehran University of Medical Sciences
Klaipeda University
Polytechnic Institute of Guarda
Ashoka University
Queen's University
Trauma Research Center (SUMS)
University of Technology Sydney
Shaqra University
School of Medicine and Psychology
University of Canberra
National Institute of Health Islamabad
World Health Organisation
King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital
Science University of Malaysia
The Islamia University of Bahawalpur
Abasyn University
Lebanese American University
Zhejiang University School of Public Health
Sohail University
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine
School of Medicine
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences
University of Ilorin
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research Bangladesh
Uppsala University
Institute of Endemic Diseases Sudan
University of Basel
University of Human Development
COMSATS Institute of Information Technology
Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore
Majmaah University
College of Medicine and Public Health
Jimma University
Rawalpindi Medical University
University of Chittagong
Debre Berhan University
Clinical Academic Department of Pediatrics
Erbil Polytechnic University
Graduate University of Advanced Technology
Ladoke Akintola University
Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at Amarillo
University of Patras
University General Hospital of Patras
Fudan University
Baylor Scott & White Health
Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
University of Nottingham
Ajman University
Ministry of Health Oman
Middle East
Washington University in St. Louis
Sultan Qaboos University
Al Al-Bayt University
Allegheny Health Network
Hamdan Bin Mohammed Smart University
Philadelphia University
Cardiff University
Montefiore Medical Center
Columbia University
University of Bahrain
Department of Veterans Affairs
Murdoch Business School
George Mason University
Yarmouk University
Western Sydney University
Woldia University
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University
Al-Ayen Iraqi University, AUIQ
University of Science and Technology (USTY)
Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences
Cleveland Clinic Foundation
University of Colorado Denver
King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center
Mayo Clinic
Ministry of Health Saudi Arabia
University College London
University of Bath, Department for Health
Suez Canal University
University of Jeddah
University of Newcastle
Cooperative Research Centre for Contamination Assessment and Remediation of the Environment
Khalifa University College of Medicine and Health Sciences
Africa Center of Excellence for Mycotoxin and Food Safety
American University of Beirut
British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute
College of Nursing
King Abdulaziz University
Ishik University
Ibn Al-Nafis University for Medical Sciences
Kuwait University
Dasman Diabetes Institute
Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan
University of Malakand
Aligarh Muslim University
University of Management and Technology Lahore
Mohammed Al-Mana College for Medical Sciences
University of Maiduguri
The Chinese University of Hong Kong
Jamia Millia Islamia
University of Swat
Johns Hopkins University
King Hussein Cancer Center
University of Milan
Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico
Federation University Australia
Univ. of Hamburg
An-Najah National University
Nazarbayev University
University of Western Australia
Ensta Bretagne
International Medical University
National University of Malaysia
Birmingham City University
University of Nizwa
University of Alabama at Birmingham
Tabriz University of Medical Sciences
College of Medicine and Health Sciences United Arab Emirates University
Faculty of Medicine Jordan University of Science and Technology
University of Tabuk
Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi
Khalifa University of Science and Technology
Independent Consultant
Qatar University
University of Malaya
Sana’a University
University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine
SRM Institute of Science and Technology
Zarqa University
Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran
Weill Cornell Medicine
American University of the Middle East
Georgetown University
Ministry of Finance
Ministry of Health
Drexel University
Health Science Division
University of Lahore
Equator University of Science and Technology
Jordan Center for Disease Control
Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare
Indiana University School of Medicine
University of Cadiz
University of Minho
University of Cartagena
Universidad de la Costa
National Institute of Health
Azal University for Human Development
University of Science and Technology of Fujairah
Taif University
Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisations
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
University of Central Nicaragua
Urmia University of Medical Sciences
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
University of Cape Coast Ghana
Student Research Committee
Health Policy Research Center
College of Medicine
University of Chicago
Cairo University
University of Maryland, Baltimore (UMB)
Khomein University of Medical Sciences
Guilan University of Medical Sciences
University of Botswana
Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences
African Population Health Research Centre
University of Pennsylvania
University of Bologna
Eastern Health
Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital
University of Thessaly
George Washington University
Rutgers University
Sarver Heart Center
University of Sheffield
Thai Binh University of Medicine and Pharmacy
The Apollo University
Digestive Diseases Research Institute
Galgotias University
Debre Tabor University
Barcelona Institute for Global Health
Universitat Pompeu Fabra Barcelona
Universitas Sebelas Maret
School of Chemical and Life Sciences
Gadjah Mada University
Al-Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University
Hong Kong Polytechnic University
Charles Sturt University
Ateneo de Manila University
Republic of the Philippines Department of Health
Virginia Commonwealth University
Pontifical Catholic University of Chile
Geneva University Hospitals
Al Ain University
University of Washington
Ottawa University
School of Life Sciences
King’s College London
Biomedical Research Networking Center in Epidemiology and Public Health (CiberESP)
University of Malaya Medical Centre
National Institute of Health
Dalarna University
Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences
Universitas Airlangga
Wake Forest University
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences
Al Farabi Kazakh National University
University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson
University of Oslo
Almaarefa University
Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education
Cabrini Health
Pioneer Journal of Biostatistics and Medical Research (PJBMR)
School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences (ZUMS)
Shandong University
Deakin University
Xiamen University Malaysia
Institute of Technology and Health Science RS dr Soepraoen
Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Dr. D. Y. Patil University
Lumbini Medical College
University of Basrah
University of Leicester School of Business
Bucharest University of Economic Studies
Robarts Research Institute
Federal University of Santa Catarina
Wollega University
University College Hospital, Ibadan
Kwara State University
Arak University of Medical Sciences
Washington University in St. Louis
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
Baptist Health South Florida
University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences
Universiti Sains Malaysia
Cihan University-Sulaymaniyah
University of Sulaimani
Rheumatology Research Center
ASIDE Healthcare
October 6 University
Ahmadu Bello University
Ras Al Khaimah Medical and Health Sciences University
Gomal University
Government Institute of Forensic Science
RTM Nagpur University
Mansoura University
Horus University Egypt
Sungkyunkwan University
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
University of California Los Angeles
Orthopedic Institute for Children
Islamic Azad University
School of Public Health
Pacific University
Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University
Management and Science University
Sina Trauma and Surgery Research Center
Manipal Academy of Higher Education
Institute for Rehabilitation and Research Houston
Tamil Nadu State Council for Science and Technology
Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University
Chen Senior Medical Center
Universidad Anahuac Mexico
Kerman University of Medical Sciences
College of Medicine Alfaisal University
Anhembi Morumbi University
Medical University of Lodz
Polish Mothers’ Memorial Hospital Research Institute
Bangladesh University of Health Sciences
Saveh University of Medical Sciences
University of Auckland
University of The Gambia
University of Florida
Heidelberg University
All India Institute of Medical Sciences
Alpha Genomics Private Limited
University of Catania
Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital
Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA)
Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center
School of Medicine (IUMS)
Imperial College London
Employees State Insurance-Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences and Research
Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine at UNLV
University of Münster
Department of Psychiatry
University of Chicago
Haramaya University
Dr. D. Y. Patil University
Jazan University
I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar
Avicenna Biotech Research
Amarex Clinical Research
University of South Africa
Arba Minch University
University of Milan Bicocca
Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori
King Abdullah International Medical Research Center
University of Porto
University of West Attica
American University of Sharjah
Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz National Institute of Psychiatry
University of São Paulo
BRAC University
New York University
Corvinus University of Budapest
University of the Philippines Manila
Queen Mary University of London
Emory University
Hungarian Competition Authority
All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh
University of South Wales
North Dakota State University
University of Birmingham
University of Massachusetts Medical School
NSW Brain Clot Bank
National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center
Manipal College of Health professions
SUNY Upstate Medical University
Newcastle University
University of Brighton
Chandigarh University
Central University of Punjab
Guru Nanak Dev University
Rutgers University–New Brunswick
Independent Consultant
Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Turkish Ministry of Defence
Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science
Seth Sukhlal Karnani Memorial Hospital
Sydney Local Health District
Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin
Addis Ababa University
University of the Republic of Uruguay
School of Business Administration
Ankara University
University Lusofona
University of York
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
University of Douala
Centre Hospitalier Montfermeil (Montfermeil Hospital Center)
Ministry of Health
Universidad Santiago de Cali
University Hospital Saadna Abdenour
Anglia Ruskin University
Howard University
University of Belgrade
University Eye Hospital
University of Florida Health Cancer Center
Ohio State University
German Cancer Research Center
Cevaxin
Institute for Scientific Research and High Technology Services
The George Institute for Global Health
Telethon Kids Institute
University of Leicester
Porto Alegre Clinical Hospital
Child & Adolescent Research Program
VinUniversity
Research Advancement Consortium in Health
Flinders Health and Medical Research Institute
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A Gemelli IRCCS (Agostino Gemelli University Polyclinic IRCCS)
Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore (Catholic University of Sacred Heart)
Universitas Harapan Bangsa
Australian National University
Department of Radiology
Technical University of Berlin
University of Waterloo
Al Shifa Trust Eye Hospital
JSS Dental College & Hospital
University of Macau
The Children's Hospital at Westmead
University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova
Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires
Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires
National Institute of Public Health
Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology
Peking Union Medical College
Romagna Local Health Authority
Scuola Superiore sant'Anna
Metropolitan Autonomous University
Prevention and Clinical Network
University of Insubria
Health Science College
National University of Colombia
Division of Country Health Policies and Systems (CPS)
World Health Organization (WHO)
IRCCS Multimedica
La Sapienza University
Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul
Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen
University of Trieste
University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI)
James Cook University
Muhammadiyah University of Mataram
Australian Catholic University
University of Hong Kong
Italian National Research Council
University of St Andrews
NHS National Services Scotland
Drexel University College of Medicine
Adamas University
Hallym University
University of British Columbia
Animal Resources Development Department
University of Kelaniya
University Psychiatry Unit
University of Rochester
National Taiwan University College of Medicine
National Taiwan University Hospital
Semey Medical University
Deemed University
University of Manchester
Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
Public Health Foundation of India
King George's Medical University
Oromia Health Bureau
Peking Union Medical College Hospital
Sun Yat-Sen University
Curtin University, Malaysia
Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University
Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital
Academy of Medical Science
University of Michigan School of Dentistry
King Abdullah University of Science and Technology
Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine
Hong Kong Baptist University
National University of Singapore
Taichung Tzu-Chi Hospital Buddhist Tzu-Chi Medical Foundation
Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology
Hiroshima University
Cayetano Heredia University
Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong
National University of Singapore
Asian University for Women
Bispebjerg University Hospital
Aalborg University
University College of Northern Denmark
Viet Nam National University-International School
AndroUrology Centre
Health Data Research UK
Texas A&M University
Adelaide Medical School
University of South Australia
Health Effects Institute
Nova University of Lisbon
University of Calgary
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven
University Institute ‘Egas Moniz’
Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy
University of Southampton
Instituto Auxologico Italiano IRCCS (Italian Auxological Institute)
University of Florence
University of California San Diego
The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen
University of Aleppo
University of Turku
Northern Territory Government
Department of Public Health and Primary Care
Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall
Case Western Reserve University
University of Adelaide
Employees' State Insurance Model Hospital
Texas Tech University
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Brighton and Sussex Medical School
Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences Mexico
University of Massachusetts Lowell
Central Queensland University
Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
Brookdale University Hospital Medical Center
National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre
University of Tennessee Health Science Center
University of Edinburgh
National Health Service Scotland
Department of Infectious Diseases Instituto Nacional de Nutricion Salvador Zubiran (Salvador Zubiran National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition)
Eka Kotebe General Hospital
University of Manouba
University of Jendouba
University of Sarajevo
Chettinad Academy of Research and Education
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
United International University
Center for Life Sciences Research Bangladesh
Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute
University of Delhi
Planetary Health Research Centre (PHRC)
Goethe University Frankfurt
Nepal Health Research Council
National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur
University of Melbourne
Instituto Politécnico do Porto
Rutgers University-Newark
Medical University of South Carolina
University of California Irvine
Institute of Health Economics and Technology
Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy
Medical University of Varna
University of Oxford
Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit
ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia and Università degli Studi di Brescia
Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina
Independent Consultant
Clínica Pró Coração
University of Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute
Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences
Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University
University of Windsor
University College Dublin
Federal University of Bahia
Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública – EBMSP
Medical University of Silesia
Michael and Cecilia Ibru University
Dalhousie University, Faculty of Medicine
University of Alberta
Zagazig University
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Shahroud University of Medical Sciences
Sultan Moulay Slimane University
University of Uyo
La Trobe University
Semnan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
Isenberg School of Management
Norwegian University of Science and Technology
Private Orthodontist
University of Portsmouth
Almoosa College of Health Sciences
Ain Shams University
Korea University College of Medicine
Houston Methodist Hospital
Ministry of Health
The University of MD Anderson Cancer Center
Ulster University
Ain Shams University
International Association for Women Mental Health
City University of Hong Kong
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
South Ethiopia Region Public Health Institute
Hawassa University
University of Lagos
Lagos University Teaching Hospital
Madda Walabu University
Ghana Health Service
Multiple Sclerosis Research Center
North South University
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
University of the Western Cape
Tarbiat Modares University
Coventry University
Riphah International University
University of Tehran
Clemson University
Saveetha Medical College and Hospital
Bangladesh Bank
National Institute of Statistics
Federal University of Sergipe
Green International University
Luton & Dunstable University Hospital
University of Dhaka
Centre for Disability in Development (CDD)
University of Pretoria
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Charité Medical University Berlin
University System of Georgia
Edith Cowan University
Ardabil University of Medical Sciences
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
Auckland University of Technology
Research Center of Neurology
The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
Shandong University of Chinese Medicine
Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention
University of Houston
University of Toronto Faculty of Medicine
Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC)
IdISSC
University Hospital Center of Porto
University of Nicosia
Universidad de Navarra
University of Padova
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta
Norwegian Institute of Public Health
Innovation in Healthcare and Social Services Department
Multiple Sclerosis Research Center
University of L'Aquila
University of Buea
Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS)
Xuzhou Medical University
Federal University of Espírito Santo
Semmelweis University
Sapientia Hungarian University of Transylvania
University of Ghana
University of Szeged
Salahaddin University-Erbil
Cihan University-Erbil
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri
Sheri Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences
Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital
SIMAD University
Orebro University
University of Valladolid
Hospital Universitario Rio Hortega
University of Verona
Texas State Board of Pharmacy
IES Institute of Pharmacy
Independent Consultant
Adigrat University
Niguarda Hospital
Jagiellonian University Medical College
School of Engineering and Applied Science
Menelik II Medical and Health Science College
Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Qom University of Medical Sciences and Health Services
University of California San Francisco
Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences
King Khalid University
Danish Cancer Research Institute
IRCCS Neuromed
Stanford University School of Medicine
KKS Women's College
Aksum University
Ospedale SS Annunziata Savigliano
Indian Institute of Public Health Gandhinagar
Sana Institute of Higher Education
Link Campus University
Health Services Research
Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Research Institute for Endocrine Science
The Eighth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital
University of Liverpool
Charles University
National Institute of Health
Anhui Medical University
Local Health Authority of Ferrara
University of Peradeniya
Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital
Vanderbilt University Medical Center
Nanyang Central Hospital
Max Super Specialty Hospital
Independent Consultant
Changescape Consulting
Maulana Azad Medical College
Eternal Heart Care Centre & Research Institute
Mahatma Gandhi University Medical Sciences
Shriram Institute for Industrial Research India
Dublin City University
Deemed University
Macquarie University
Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul
Mexican Institute of Social Segurity
Fasa University of Medical Sciences
Dilla University
University of Kufa
Hamadan University of Medical Sciences
Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research
Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences
Robert Koch Institute
American University of Madaba
Arabian Gulf University
Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Guthrie Medical Group
Edirne Provincial Health Directorate
Sakarya University
Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science
Torrens University Australia
University of Rajshahi
Universitas Syiah Kuala
Ministry of Health
University of Nevada, Reno
Ministry of Health
Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu
San Juan de Dios Sanitary Park
Chulalongkorn University
McMaster University
Tejgaon College
Research Center for Traditional Medicine and History of Medicine (SUMS)
University of Khartoum
University of Khartoum Faculty of Medicine
Federal University of Lafia
Ethiopian Public Health Institute
University of Colombo
Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children
Skaane University Hospital
Damascus University
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore
Xian Jiaotong University
Beijing Fengtai Hospital
University of New Brunswick
Murdoch University
Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences
MedStar Health
Babes-Bolyai University
Queensland University of Technology
Poostchi Ophthalmology Research Center (SUMS)
Lorestan University of Medical Sciences
Taiz University
Nankai University School of Medicine
Graduate School of Medicine
Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
Centre for Advancing Health Outcomes
University of Houston
Nature Study Society of Bangladesh
Shahjalal University of Science and Technology
University of Wollongong
Duy Tan University
Jadara University
National Institute of Legal Medicine Mina Minovici
Manipal University College Melaka
Tsinghua University
Capital Medical University
Chinese University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine
Shanghai Jiao Tong University
University of Indonesia
Roskilde University
Masaryk University
Salale University
University of Zakho
Cancer Prevention and Research Institute
Taipei Medical University
China Medical University
Asia University
University of Modena and Reggio Emilia
Alexandria University
Abu Dhabi University
Western University
City University of New York
National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
Episcope Research Service
Africa Centre for Disease Control and Prevention
Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac
Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University
University of Jos
ICMR National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis
University of Exeter
Wuhan University
University of Ahmad Dahlan
Sharda University
Journal of Biological Sciences and Public Health
American Cancer Society
Tobruk University
National Center for Disease Control
Asian Institute of Medicine, Science & Technology
Malaysian Academy of Pharmacy
Osaka University
University of Yaoundé I
University of Tsukuba
South African Medical Research Council
Stellenbosch University
Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences
Karpagam Academy of Higher Education
Université Paris Cité
University of Richmond
Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center
Government Hospitals
Dubai Municipality
Larkin Community Hospital
AMA School of Medicine
The World Academy of Sciences UNESCO-TWAS
Shaanxi University of Technology
Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz branch
Medical College of Wisconsin
University of Michigan Medical School
Daffodil International University
Frontier University Garowe
St. Luke's Medical Center Quezon City
Royan Institution
University of Mississippi Medical Center
Jinnah Sindh Medical University
Invasive Fungi Research Center MAZUMS
Middle Technical University
University of Puthisastra
Institute for Violence and Injury Prevention
Iranian Tissue Bank and Research Center
Christian Medical College and Hospital (CMC)
Department of Medicine
Yonsei University
Graphic Era (Deemed to be University)
Hospital & Research Centre
Tongji University
Zhongshan Hospital
University of Southern Denmark
Institute of Molecular and Clinical Ophthalmology Basel
Singapore Eye Research Institute
Hungarian Health Management Association
National Open University
University of Opole
University of Tartu
National Institute of Epidemiology
Flinders University
Tobacco free Research Institute Ireland
University College Cork
School of Management and Medical Informatics
Khoy Medical Sciences
King Faisal University
Republican Institute of Cardiology and Internal Diseases
Bharti Hospital
University of Canberra
Prasanna School of Public Health
Maastricht University
I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University
Korea University
Cephas Health Research Initiative Inc
M. S. Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences
Esic Medical College and Hospital Chennai
NYU Langone Health
Global Smile Foundation
Amity University Haryana
Arsi University
Jacobi Medical Center
Catholic University of Bukavu
University of Oulu
Institute of Human Virology Nigeria
Utrecht University
University of Nairobi
Myungsung Medical College
University of Toronto
O.P. Jindal Global University
Arizona State University Downtown Phoenix Campus
Food and Environment
University Sorbonne Paris Nord
Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine
Lahore Medical Research Center
Marshall University
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Mohammed VI Center for Research and Innovation
Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Health Techniques
Iran Food and Drug Administration
Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)
Peking University
The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University
National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine
BDStatistics Center for Research
Karachi Medical and Dental College
Carnegie Mellon University
Aston University
Silesian University of Technology
University of Karachi
University of Buckingham
Nepal Development Society
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur
Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
Sheffield Hallam University
Ohio University Zanesville Campus
Postgraduate Medical Institute
Asadabad School of Medical Sciences
Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch
Corewell Health East William Beaumont University Hospital
Miami Cancer Institute
University of Inland Norway
Charotar University of Science and Technology
University of Muhammadiyah. Dr. HAMKA
SEAMEO Regional Center for Food and Nutrition
Seoul National University
Broad Institute
Soonchunhyang University
Inc.
Pacific Community
College of Medicine
Kristiania University College
Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine
Oslo Metropolitan University
Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences
Bogomolets National Medical University
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Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1873-1922
Number of pages	50
Journal	The Lancet
Volume	406
Issue number	10513
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X
State	Published - Oct 18 2025

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 3 Good Health and Well-being

ASJC Scopus Subject Areas

General Medicine

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10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X

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GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators (2025). Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet, 406(10513), 1873-1922. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X

Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. / GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators.
In: The Lancet, Vol. 406, No. 10513, 18.10.2025, p. 1873-1922.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators 2025, 'Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023', The Lancet, vol. 406, no. 10513, pp. 1873-1922. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X

GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators. Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. The Lancet. 2025 Oct 18;406(10513):1873-1922. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X

GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators. / Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023. In: The Lancet. 2025 ; Vol. 406, No. 10513. pp. 1873-1922.

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title = "Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023",

author = "\{GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators\} and Hay, \{Simon I.\} and Ong, \{Kanyin Liane\} and Santomauro, \{Damian F.\} and A. Bhoomadevi and Aalipour, \{Mohammad Amin\} and Hasan Aalruz and Ababneh, \{Hazim S.\} and Abaraogu, \{Ukachukwu O.\} and Abate, \{Biruk Beletew\} and Cristiana Abbafati and Nasir Abbas and Mitra Abbasifard and Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari and \{Abd ElHafeez\}, Samar and Abdalla, \{Ashraf Nabiel\} and Abdalla, \{Mohammed Altigani\} and Abdallah, \{Emad M.\} and Abdeeq, \{Barkhad Aden\} and \{Abdel Razeq\}, \{Nadin M.I.\} and Abdelgalil, \{Ahmed Abdelrahman\} and Reda Abdel-Hameed and Michael Abdelmasseh and Mahmoud Abdelnabi and Abdel-Rahman, \{Wael M.\} and Sherief Abd-Elsalam and Sepideh Abdi and Mohammad Abdollahi and Meriem Abdoun and Arman Abdous and \{Abdul Aziz\}, \{Jeza Muhamad\} and Abdulah, \{Deldar Morad\} and Abdulkader, \{Rizwan Suliankatchi\} and Adam Abdullahi and Auwal Abdullahi and Toufik Abdul-Rahman and Kulmira Abdykerimova and \{Abebe Getahun\}, Habtamu and Aidin Abedi and Armita Abedi and Abejew, \{Asrat Agalu\} and \{Abelda{\~n}o Zu{\~n}iga\}, \{Roberto Ariel\} and Abhilash, \{E. S.\} and Abid, \{Shehab Uddin Al\} and Abidi, \{Syed Hani\} and Alemwork Abie and Abiodun, \{Olugbenga Olusola\} and Olumide Abiodun and Aboagye, \{Richard Gyan\} and Shady Abohashem and Pepito, \{Veincent Christian Filipino\}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 license.",

year = "2025",

month = oct,

day = "18",

doi = "10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023

T2 - a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023

AU - GBD 2023 Disease and Injury and Risk Factor Collaborators

AU - Hay, Simon I.

AU - Ong, Kanyin Liane

AU - Santomauro, Damian F.

AU - Bhoomadevi, A.

AU - Aalipour, Mohammad Amin

AU - Aalruz, Hasan

AU - Ababneh, Hazim S.

AU - Abaraogu, Ukachukwu O.

AU - Abate, Biruk Beletew

AU - Abbafati, Cristiana

AU - Abbas, Nasir

AU - Abbasifard, Mitra

AU - Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen

AU - Abd ElHafeez, Samar

AU - Abdalla, Ashraf Nabiel

AU - Abdalla, Mohammed Altigani

AU - Abdallah, Emad M.

AU - Abdeeq, Barkhad Aden

AU - Abdel Razeq, Nadin M.I.

AU - Abdelgalil, Ahmed Abdelrahman

AU - Abdel-Hameed, Reda

AU - Abdelmasseh, Michael

AU - Abdelnabi, Mahmoud

AU - Abdel-Rahman, Wael M.

AU - Abd-Elsalam, Sherief

AU - Abdi, Sepideh

AU - Abdollahi, Mohammad

AU - Abdoun, Meriem

AU - Abdous, Arman

AU - Abdul Aziz, Jeza Muhamad

AU - Abdulah, Deldar Morad

AU - Abdulkader, Rizwan Suliankatchi

AU - Abdullahi, Adam

AU - Abdullahi, Auwal

AU - Abdul-Rahman, Toufik

AU - Abdykerimova, Kulmira

AU - Abebe Getahun, Habtamu

AU - Abedi, Aidin

AU - Abedi, Armita

AU - Abejew, Asrat Agalu

AU - Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel

AU - Abhilash, E. S.

AU - Abid, Shehab Uddin Al

AU - Abidi, Syed Hani

AU - Abie, Alemwork

AU - Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola

AU - Abiodun, Olumide

AU - Aboagye, Richard Gyan

AU - Abohashem, Shady

AU - Pepito, Veincent Christian Filipino

PY - 2025/10/18

Y1 - 2025/10/18

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105019277501

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105019277501#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X

DO - 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)01637-X

M3 - Article

C2 - 41092926

AN - SCOPUS:105019277501

SN - 0140-6736

VL - 406

SP - 1873

EP - 1922

JO - The Lancet

JF - The Lancet

IS - 10513

ER -

Burden of 375 diseases and injuries, risk-attributable burden of 88 risk factors, and healthy life expectancy in 204 countries and territories, including 660 subnational locations, 1990–2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023

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